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Swanscombe is a town in the District of Dartford in Kent, England. It is located east of Dartford and also north-west of Gravesend, in the civil parish of Swanscombe and Greenhithe. At the 2001 UK census, the Swanscombe electoral ward had a population of 6,418. Swanscombe was very important in the early history of concrete. The first concrete production works near Swanscombe were opened at Northfleet by James Parker, around 1792, making “Roman concrete” from concrete stone brought from the Isle of Sheppey. James Frost opened up a works at Swanscombe in 1825, using chalk from Galley Hill, having actually patented a new cement called British Cement. The Swanscombe plant was subsequently acquired by John Bazley White & Co, which ended up being the biggest component of Blue Circle Industries when it created in 1900. It ultimately closed down in 1990. Between 1840 as well as 1930 it was the biggest cement plant in Britain. By 1882 several concrete manufacturers were running across the north Kent area, however the resulting dust pollution drove the people of Swanscombe to take legal action versus the local concrete works. Regardless of different technical advancements, the problem persisted into the 1950s, with telegraph lines over an inch thick in white dust. Modern concrete kilns in Kent making use of chimneys 170 m (550 feet) in height are now said to be the cleanest in the world. However, the adjoining Medway towns are reported to be one of the most contaminated lived in area in the UK, and also the concrete industry contributes to acid rain in Scandinavia.