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Banff is a town in the Banff and Buchan area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Banff is situated on Banff Bay and faces the town of Macduff across the estuary of the River Banff is a former royal burgh, and also is the county town of the historical area of Banffshire. Banff’s very first castle was constructed to ward off Viking intruders and a charter of 1163 AD shows that Malcolm IV was living there during that time. During this duration the town was an active trading centre in the “cost-free hanse” of Northern Scottish burghs, despite not having its own harbour up until 1775. The initial taped Sheriff of Banff was Richard de Strathewan in 1264, and also in 1372 Royal Burgh status was provided by King Robert II. By the 15th century Banff was one of three major communities exporting salmon to the continent of Europe, in addition to Aberdeen and also Montrose. There was a lot of lawlessness in seventeenth-century Scotland, and also a few of the most awful offenders were participants of the nobility. According to records maintained by historian William Cramond, the tolbooth (court house and also jail) of Banff was, in 1628, the site of an altercation in between Lord Banff and also James Ogilvie, his loved one. Reportedly, he struck James Ogilvie upon the head with a baton during a court hearing. Twenty of his good friends as well as fans after that attacked Ogilvie with swords before chasing him into the street and also completing him off with a pistol shot. Banff as well as Macduff are divided by the valley of the River Deveron. This unforeseeable river was lastly tamed by the seven curved bridge completed in 1779 by John Smeaton. An earlier bridge had been integrated in 1765, but was swept away in 1768. The old ferry was revived into usage, up until it was shed in a flooding in 1773. A public meeting was held in 1800 as well as passed a resolution for the building of a turnpike roadway between Turiff and also Banff as the existing road was in a sad state of repair work. Later 19th century transportation renovations consisted of the building of two train lines, from Macduff to Turiff in 1860 and the Banff, Portsoy as well as Strathisla Train in 1859 which attached to the main Aberdeen to Inverness line. During the 19th Century the Banff Fishery Area (comprising the ports from Crovie to Sandend) was important to the herring profession, with production peaking in 1853 at more than sixty-thousand barrels, of which almost thirty-four thousand were exported, however by 1912 manufacturing had decreased to just over 8 thousand barrels. Presently, the languages spoken in the community and also in its location tend to be the Doric dialect of Scots, and English.